April 2nd, Autism Awareness Day

April 2nd is World Autism Day.  This day aims to put a spotlight on hurdles that individuals with Autism and others living with Autism face every day.  Although, I may be a therapist at Bayridge, I am also a parent of a child with Special Needs.  Parents, I understand, not because of my training in my field, but because I live those hurdles daily- along with you. I understand the exhaustion of having to constantly think outside the box so our children can cope in new or difficult environments.  I understand the strength needed to advocate for services or tools to have their needs met.  I know the struggles associated with lack of funding for respite and the lack of available respite. I know the comfort of a support circle of people that truly understand the hurdles our families endure.

If you know me- then you would know I am a person who believes in inclusion, acceptance and kindness.  I have spent most of my life educating people to see an individual’s ability and not their disability. I host events around Ontario that promote inclusion and create social settings for many children and adults living with special needs. I often don’t see the daily “Challenges” because they have become so routine.

But then a global pandemic hits and our “routine” becomes non-existent and unbalanced.

Like all parents, we were left to accept our unprecedented “norm” without any time to plan.  Except, it isn’t just school and work commitments that parents with special needs children need to figure out.  For many of us, it also includes cancelled therapies and specialists, no respite and trying to explain the significance of the current situation to a child or adult that has no comprehension.  Schooling our children does not include the supports they have at school with educational assistants or special tools needed to complete the tasks.

I see you.  I am you.  I am feeling the same stress. I am feeling exhausted.  I am worried about how this is going to affect my child, our family – and honestly my balance when we return to our old routines.

First, I want to tell you that your feelings are incredibly valid.  Don’t discount them. Acknowledging how you are feeling will help you cope.  Many parents sacrifice self-care due to the constant needs of our children.  I implore you to make time for you.  Take a bath, go for a walk, read a book.  Breath.

If I may, here are some wellness tips that may help bring more stability and calm to your day.

1. Stick to a routine. Create a schedule around going to bed and waking up at the same time every day.  Get dressed every morning. In my house, I schedule in time to work, homeschool and clean so that I can just check things off during the day.  Don’t worry if your schedule gets changed occasionally- that’s normal!  For example, some days, I have to go pick up my groceries.  Other days, the weather doesn’t allow for our daily walks!  Lower your expectations and just go with the flow!  You are not the teacher, EA, PSW, Audiologist, Doctor, Respite worker, Speech therapist etc.  You are the parent.  Create a routine that isn’t overwhelming but helps create balance in your child’s life so they can predict how their days will look which will hopefully lessen their stress and inability to cope.

2. Try and get some fresh air at least once a day. This could mean just sitting outside or opening windows!

3. Schedule in Self-care every day! This could be many things so I will list a few examples.  Take a bath, read a book, prayer, journaling, listening to music, cooking, knitting, woodworking, singing or painting.  For some, just doing your hair and makeup might make your day brighter!

4. Write gratitude’s each day. Find something good in all your days to help with distracting us from the negative thoughts.  This could be writing something amazing you accomplished, it could be about a heartwarming story you saw or read.  You could be thankful for something that you were blessed with.

5. Reach out for help. Find your village of support.  Use technology to video or call your family and friends often.  One of my co-workers said instead of calling it social distancing we should call it physical distancing.  I love this concept.   We may not be able to hug or visit our friends but there are still ways we can remain social with them.  There are many references and easy to use programs  available such as Zoom or Facetime to connect with loved ones.

6. Remember, that this is temporary. The present moment may seem overwhelming and terrifying.  Remind yourselves that this will pass.  One day, we will return to our routines and have access to all our supports again.

Take it one day at a time. Don’t judge yourself, you are doing the best you can and that is more than enough.  You are more than enough.

Sending you strength, love and courage.

Publicado en AUTISMO, NOTICIAS | 14 comentarios

All about GAIN (Group for Autism, Insurance, Investment and Neurodiversity) corporate membership

s your business in insurance, investment or financial services? Do you want to become more neuro-inclusive and support your neurodiverse colleagues and new entrants better. Find out more at https://gaintogether.org/

Publicado en AUTISMO, NOTICIAS | 513 comentarios

UN chief calls for greater investment to help countries address autism

United Nations, March 2012 — The annual observance of World Autism Awareness Day should spur global action to combat the «unacceptable» discrimination, abuse and isolation that people with the disorder and their loved ones face, according to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon. «Autism is not limited to a single region or a country; it is a worldwide challenge that requires global action,» states Mr. Ban’s message for the Day, observed annually on 2 April. «People with autism are equal citizens who should enjoy all human rights and fundamental freedoms.»

Publicado en AUTISMO, DIVULGACIÓN, NOTICIAS | 21 comentarios

2 APRIL WORLD AUTISM. AWARENESS DAY

Publicado en autismo | 27 comentarios

DIA MUNDIAL DE CONCIENCIACION DEL AUTISMO

Publicado en autismo | 14 comentarios

MITOS DEL AUTISMO

10 Mitos y controversias sobre el Autismo y los TEA – YouTube

El Autismo no es un trastorno ni una enfermedad, es una condición. La principal causa del autismo son las vacunas.

El gluten es un factor muy importante en el desarrollo del autismo. La homeopatía puede mejorar mucho e incluso curar el autismo. No. No te preocupes.

No me he vuelto loco ni he perdido la cabeza. Solo he empezado a soltar, una detrás de otra, algunas de las mayores estupideces que he oído sobre el autismo a lo largo de mi vida.

Si por algún extraño motivo, en algún momento de duda, preocupación, agobio, desesperación o debilidad, has llegado a dudar por un segundo si alguna de las historias de este tipo que circulan por internet, y por muchos grupos de Whatsapp, tienen algo de cierto, déjame que te lo aclare negro sobre blanco y de una vez por todas. NO. No, no, y 1000 veces no.

Publicado en AUTISMO, INVESTIGACION, NOTICIAS | 12 comentarios

CONTACTO VISUAL Y TERAPIA

Mario fue diagnosticado con autismo cuando tenía 2 años y ocho meses. Empezamos a realizar en casa terapia intensiva y diaria guiados al principio por la psicopedagoga Carmen Gándara y después por la psicóloga Raquel Ayuda, del equipo Deletrea. Mario al principio, con 2 años y 8 meses rehuía el contacto visual y la interacción era difícil y solo a través de intereses muy restringidos. Poco a poco fue aumentando su contacto visual y su reconexión con el mundo. También empezó a interactuar y a disfrutar. Todo a través de un trabajo intensivo basado en los métodos DENVER y TEACCH. Muy a menudo me preguntan cómo trabajé con Mario al principio y cómo hemos logrado que vaya avanzando. Lo primero y más importante, aunque el pozo y la soledad en la que caímos fue muy grande, no dejamos que ese dolor tan intenso nos frenara en las ganas de aprender, el deseo de llegar a él y el ímpetu por ganar cada día el pulso a las dificultades que el autismo le pone, nos pone, en nuestras vidas. Lo segundo, constancia, perseverancia, energía y sonrisa. Son los elementos base y críticos para sobrevivir y mirar con ilusión, incluso con alegría, cada mañana. Todos los niños con autismo evolucionan de forma diferente, unos más rápido, otros más lento. Esta es la evolución de Mario, solo suya, sin compararla con la de nadie. Porque los padres de niños con autismo sabemos que comparar es sufrir. Aquí están los enlaces a varios vídeos desde los primeros meses del diagnóstico, cuando recuperar el contacto ocular era primordial, urgente, básico y el primer paso para lograr la mejor evolución posible dentro de sus posibilidades, hasta los 6 años. Espero que os sirvan. Todos los vídeos juntos están en este enlace: http://laalegriamudademario.blogspot….

VIDEO FROM YOUTUBE

Publicado en AUTISMO, DIVULGACIÓN, INVESTIGACION | 221 comentarios

QUEMADURAS DE UN AUTISTA

Dos monitores, bajo sospecha por las quemaduras de segundo grado de un niño con autismo

El hospital dio parte al juzgado tras atender al menor, que sufrió una septicemia e ingresó en la UCI

La escuela Taiga de Barcelona. A la derecha, la mano de Marc tras las quemaduras de segundo grado

La escuela Taiga de Barcelona. A la derecha, la mano de Marc tras las quemaduras de segundo grado.

Marc tiene 8 años trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y una discapacidad diagnosticada del 82 por ciento. No habla, pero sus padres, María del Mar Barco y Carles Aguilar, lo entienden con una sola mirada. Por ejemplo, cuando quiere agua.

Desde el pasado 25 de enero, Marc está ingresado en el Hospital Vall d’Hebron por quemaduras de segundo grado en su mano derecha, y sus progenitores se turnan para no dejarlo ni un minuto solo.

Le han realizado ya varios injertos de piel que le han extraído de ambos costados, por lo que entra y sale de la unidad de cuidados intensivos tras cada intervención. De hecho, sufrió también una septicemia, de la que ya se ha recuperado.

Fue aquella fecha, un jueves a la hora de comer, cuando su tutor y la subdirectora de su escuela, el centro de educación especial Taiga, lo llevaron al citado hospital de Barcelona. El parte médico reza: «Los cuidadores refieren que metió la mano debajo del grifo».

En aquella primera atención, le desinfectaron la mano, la vendaron y tras recetarle un antipirético y reposo, lo enviaron a casa. Pero en el domicilio familiar, el pequeño comenzó a tener náuseas, que desembocaron en vómitos y también somnolencia.

Angustiados, los progenitores decidieron volver al centro médico y, cuando los doctores retiraron el vendaje, comprobaron la gravedad de las lesiones. Tal fue el impacto para los facultativos que decidieron dar parte al juzgado, tal y como ocurre cuando creen que un paciente puede haber sido víctima de una agresión.

Publicado en AUTISMO, NOTICIAS | 256 comentarios

PSICOLOGO NOS CUENTA COMO MANEJAR LAS CRISIS Y RABIETAS EN LAS PERSONAS CON AUTISMO.

FUENTE : A LO ASPERGIANO EN YOUTUBE

Publicado en AUTISMO, DIVULGACIÓN | 2.161 comentarios

CAUSAS DEL AUTISMO

 las causas del autismo son desconocidas; aunque en muchos casos se sospecha que se debe a cambios o mutaciones en los genes, no todos los genes involucrados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad han sido identificados. Las investigaciones científicas han relacionado la aparición del autismo en el niño con las siguientes causas:

  • Agentes genéticos como causa del autismo: se ha demostrado que en el trastorno autista existe una importante base genetica. En estudios clínicos desarrollados con mellizos, se ha observado que cuando se detecta el trastorno en uno de los hermanos, existe un alto porcentaje (en torno a un 90%)  de probabilidades de que el otro hermano también lo desarrolle. Si el estudio se ha llevado a cabo en el ámbito familiar, las estadísticas muestran que existe un 5% de probabilidades de aparición en el neonato en el caso de que tenga un hermano con el trastorno, que es una probabilidad bastante superior a la que tendría en el caso de que no existieran antecedentes documentados en su familia. Estos datos indican claramente una carga genética ligada al trastorno autista. Las investigaciones tienen por objeto determinar los genes involucrados en la aparición del trastorno, y ya han establecido la relación directa entre la inhibición del gen de la neuroligina NL1 y el desarrollo de autismo, aunque se sabe que hay más genes implicados. De hecho, se establece que deben estar presentes hasta 15-20 alteraciones geneticas a la vez para que se exprese de manera completa el autismo. Algunas teorías, incluso, tratan de relacionarlo con el síndrome del X frágil.
  • Agentes neurológicos como causa del autismo: se han constatado alteraciones neurológicas, principalmente en las áreas que coordinan el aprendizaje y la conducta, en aquellos pacientes diagnosticados de trastornos del espectro autista. Particularmente, la epilepsia está relacionada con el autismo, pues un tipo concreto, el síndrome de West, desarrolla autismo hasta en una quinta parte de los casos y viceversa. Algunas estructuras peculiares del cerebelo también podrían tener relación con el TEA.
  • Agentes bioquímicos como causa del autismo: se han podido determinar alteraciones en los niveles de ciertos neurotransmisores, principalmente serotonina y tirptófano.
  • Agentes infecciosos y ambientales como causa del autismo: determinadas infecciones (como el herpes genital, fiebre, …) o exposición a ciertas sustancias (como pesticidas agricolas) durante el embarazo pueden provocar malformaciones y alteraciones del desarrollo neuronal del feto que, en el momento del nacimiento, pueden manifestarse con diversas alteraciones como, por ejemplo, trastornos del espectro autista.
  • Otras posibles causas del autismo: se han estipulado otras razones, como las complicaciones obstétricas durante el parto, el abuso de drogas como la cocaina por parte de la mujer embarazada, o el uso de medicamentos antiepilépticos, aunque su base científica no está absolutamente demostrada.
Publicado en autismo | 19 comentarios

DONATIONS:

Mas para el AUTISMO / X the AUTISM

Donations in the up corner

Publicado en autismo | 11 comentarios

Common autistic traits 

63 common autistic traits you never realised were signs of autism. Do you ever wonder if you might be autistic? What is autism anyway? It can be hard to define, but if you know enough autistic people there are some obvious patterns. How many of the common 63 autistic traits apply to you? Maybe you’ve had someone say to you, «How can someone so clever be so stupid?» or you feel like you’re either too much or not enough in certain areas. From scripting conversations to advanced or delayed childhood development, in this video, we’ll explore what it means to be autistic and what it can look like in different individuals.

Publicado en autismo | 24 comentarios

AUTISM WHAT HAS AND HASN´T CHANGE

What hasn’t changed

Investors and providers alike still see autism therapy as a prime place to invest. However, investment in the space has gotten more realistic.

Mike Moran, co-founder and executive advisor of Calabasas, California-based M&A Healthcare Advisors, sees the downtick in deal volume as a normalization in the space. He also notes that deal volumes remain high compared to historic levels leading into 2019 and 2021, a historic dealmaking year for all of behavioral health.

“Autism services is still one of the most coveted segments that we reside in, in terms of banking and being an intermediary for those folks and a variety of segments,” Moran said. “If you have the right asset, autism services is essentially where you want to be that still remains most attractive in terms of the buyer — financial or strategic.”

The underlying demand for autism services is as high as ever, with providers frequently reporting much more demand than they can serve. That demand is likely to continue as stigma mitigation and detection of autism improve.

Autism diagnoses have increased in the U.S. A monitoring program operated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention raised its estimate of the rate of autism in youth to 1 in 36, up from 1 in 44, earlier in April 2023.

“From an investment perspective, all the fundamentals of what you’re looking for are very strong,” John Arnold, a transaction attorney and partner at Holland & Knight, told BHB.

Holland & Knight is a large Miami-based multispeciality law firm.

Arnold pointed to reimbursement trends, market fragmentation and growing demand as core to the investment opportunity. He also said workforce issues are lessening in the behavioral health space and that much of the COVID pandemic’s fallout has come under control.

Many of the truisms of investing in health care also apply to the behavioral health space.

“I think that a lot of the world understands now that healthcare is very recession-proof — whatever happens in the economy, we still always need these services,” Rachel Boynton, managing director and partner at the M&A consulting firm Vertess told BHB. “And there’s huge growth in the ABA space.”

What has changed

Increasing savvy on the part of investors coupled with recent industry struggles have pushed down the range for deal multiples in the autism therapy space.

Between 2020 and 2023, the typical multiple ranges for an autism therapy business was five times to 10 times earnings, down from 5.75 times earnings to 14 times earnings from the middle of 2016 to the middle of 2019.

“The valuation ranges at the top end of the marketplace are still very much higher than what we would expect in any other market segment,” Braff said. “Right now, the top end of the Medicare-certified home health market — which is a huge market that’s been consolidating for many, many, many years — is 8x.

“To get above that is really hard.”

Still, multiple compression may attract dealmaking because companies are more affordable.

Braff expects more opportunistic acquisitions, meaning “being able to buy stuff on the cheap as a buyer.”

Labor markets have cooled somewhat in recent weeks. This provides some relief from the top pressure for autism therapy providers — labor costs. On top of stagnant reimbursement rates, wage inflation drove many frontline clinicians out of autism therapy altogether and into less emotionally intensive work.

“I do think there is a degree of optimism, and that’s supported by several things,” Ben Matz, managing director at the investment bank B. Riley Securities, told BHB. “Candidly, labor markets are cooling. There is the idea that reimbursement models will have to catch up.”

Matz said now may be an ideal time for reimbursement innovation and the advancement of value-based care. He also pointed to the increased use of technology to make the autism therapy space much more efficient.

Publicado en AUTISMO, DEFINICIONES, DIVULGACIÓN | 20 comentarios

AUTISM CAN BE A GROWTH MARKET

if Investors Help It Scale

A morning briefing on what you need to know in the day ahead, including exclusive commentary from Barron’s and MarketWatch writers.I would also like to receive updates and special offers from Dow Jones and affiliates. I can unsubscribe at any time.I agree to the Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy.

The Disability Opportunity Fund, Autism Impact Fund, the Difference Fund, and Divergent Ventures are just a few funds committed to investing in the autism and intellectual- or developmental-disability space. Dreamstime

About the author: Dan Feshbach is the CEO and founder of Multiple, a charitable nonprofit dedicated to catalyzing innovation and supporting technologies for the autism community at scale.

When I was raising my son with autism in the 1990s, I searched far and wide for technologies and medical interventions that could help improve the quality of his life. At the time it was a desert. Expertise and resources were nearly nonexistent. As a lifelong entrepreneur, I decided to partner with academics, technologists, and passionate parents to create a digital learning solution to help my son and the staggering number of other kids like him. But I struggled for years to find the co-investors who understood the challenge and the opportunity. 

Today, this dynamic is beginning to change. Parent advocacy and billions of dollars of research have resulted in a better understanding of autism. Talented entrepreneurs, led by parents and siblings of individuals with autism, have leveraged their passion, expertise, and networks to create an emerging technology ecosystem. Advances in smart devices, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, big data, and videoconferencing have enabled a marketplace to grow around autism technology and other personalized interventions. Autism start-ups are now receiving millions of dollars in funding. Last year, the company I helped build all those years ago was acquired by a major private-equity investor. The global market for autism spectrum disorder treatments is projected to grow from $1.93 billion this year to $3.17 billion by 2029. 

Even so, the market is still in its infancy. It hasn’t yet reached anywhere near its full potential, nor the scale needed to help the millions of families living with autism. Currently one in 100 children around the world is diagnosed with autism. In the U.S., about one in 30 was diagnosed as of 2020—a 50% increase from 2017 and a dramatic rise from the one in 300 when my son was diagnosed. Solving so massive a challenge requires not only more funding but greater investment specifically in companies at their earliest stages. This is frequently where the greatest innovations take place, but where capital is most lacking.  

The good news is investors are, at last, recognizing that autism is a growth market. The bad news is much of that investment is flowing toward services that don’t scale, often overpromise, and frequently underdeliver. In many ways, the complexity of the autism market reflects the disorder itself. It is an immensely complex condition, consisting of countless overlying subtypes and a wide range of obstacles. It’s not autism we are all working to address, but many forms of autism. Even with our growing understanding of the condition, families remain haunted by four questions: What type of autism does my child have? Why can’t my child communicate? How can my child get a job? Who will care for my child after I pass?

New start-ups and companies are, at last, starting to find the answers. Innovations in diagnostics and big data are on the verge of allowing families to discover the condition earlier, with companies such as BioRosa working to develop a blood test and biomarker for autism. Floreo and other platforms are tapping the power of virtual reality to teach important communication and interpersonal skills, while start-ups like Daivergent and Mentra are linking individuals with autism to employers and providing them with support in the workplace. Impruvon Health is offering medication management devices and Advasys is creating tools to help identify sexual abuse. The nonprofit I founded has created a global database that now tracks over 500 technology and life-sciences companies within the autism and intellectual- or developmental-disability space. 

Meanwhile, autism and intellectual-disability impact investors are creating early-stage funds to support these kinds of young companies. The Disability Opportunity Fund, founded 13 years ago, has recently been joined by the Autism Impact Fund, and then by the Difference Fund, Divergent Ventures, K-Ventures, Enable Ventures, Neuvation, Arc Capital Development, and Moai Capital. These initiatives invest in start-ups that have met key private investor criteria and provide them with funding, mentoring, and a greater understanding of the market. 

For all the innovations that impact venture capital helps bring to market, however, there remains a fundamental disconnect surrounding the expectations and confidence these investors have in the ability of the earliest-stage companies to generate market-rate returns. There is a great need for better connecting philanthropic capital, which doesn’t require the same level of returns, to start-ups that have innovative ideas and products but lack the proof points to secure private investment. We must create better avenues to help high-potential, impactful solutions to move from their pre-revenue early stages and toward becoming viable contenders for venture capital.

Bringing these innovations to scale is no easy task. The autism community is often divided and conflicted. The market struggles with duplication of resources, incomplete data, limited collaboration, and a lack of real innovation. Debates and discussions surrounding treatments like applied behavior analysis therapy and concepts like neurodiversity are often polarizing. At the same time, our community can be insular, which stymies and discourages innovation. As a result, there are not enough entrepreneurs entering the space, nor adequate capital, road maps, and networks for the ones that do.

To thrive, we need to come together and change the narrative. It’s time for us to recognize the urgent challenges and immense opportunity in this emerging sector, making and encouraging investments that are commensurate to the challenges faced by millions of families living with autism.

FUENTE: Autism Can Be a Growth Market, if Investors Help It Scale | Barron’s (barrons.com)

Publicado en AUTISMO, PROYECTOS | 43 comentarios

Autism treatments

Behavioral Therapies

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) – ABA refers to understanding a person’s behavior in the context of their surroundings rather than in a controlled laboratory setting. The aim of this method is to improve specific behaviors and develop skills, and it is based on traditional behavior strategies such as rewarding appropriate behaviors and ignoring or discouraging inappropriate behaviors. ABA is among the most widely studied and frequently used therapies for those on the autism spectrum. There are several forms of ABA therapy including:

  • Pivotal-Response Treatment (PRT)
  • Early Start Denver Model
  • Functional Communication
  • Floortime
  • Verbal Learning

Outpatient Therapies

Speech Therapy – Speech therapy is often recommended when a child has difficulties learning vocabulary, pronouncing words, using an appropriate tone of voice, understanding and using body language, and asking and responding to questions. Speech therapy may include alternative augmentative communication (AAC) strategies like Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), speech output devices, and sign language.

Sensory Therapy (ST) – Your child may be over-reactive, under-reactive, or even crave certain sensory sensations. These sensations may include loud sounds, bright lights, certain tastes, light touch, and/or strong smells. Numerous sensory interventions have been developed to treat various sensory-challenges including sensory integration as well as various visual and auditory interventions.

Occupational Therapy (OT) – This therapy helps improve numerous skills and behaviors with the goal of independence. OT therapists may work on daily activities, hand-eye coordination, sleep, social interactions, and play.

Physical Therapy (PT) – The aim of PT is to improve overall motor movement. This may include posture, balance, motor coordination, and flexibility.

Evidence-based Sensorimotor Therapies

Music and Art Therapy – These therapies were designed to help individuals deal with anxiety and emotions as well as help express themselves.

Animal Therapy – This form of therapy may reduce fear and anxiety toward animals by interacting with socially-oriented animals in structured therapeutic situations. These animals often include horses, dogs, and dolphins. Those on the autism spectrum have also reported a calm feeling while interacting with these animals.

Who provides autism treatment?

Your care team will work with you to develop an effective treatment plan that may include one or more of the following professionals:

  • Behaviorist
  • Gastroenterologist
  • Geneticist
  • Neurologist
  • Nutritionist
  • OT/PT/ST therapists
  • Pediatrician
  • Psychiatrist
  • Psychologist

The best treatment for autism is the one that works

First and most important, early intervention can make a big difference. The earlier an individual receives appropriate support, the better his/her prognosis.

Your doctor can help you decide which autism treatments are appropriate for your child. Keep in mind that there is no single treatment for everyone with autism. Instead, there are a variety of therapies that may be helpful addressing symptoms depending on the individual’s needs. What works for one person may be less effective – or ineffective – for somebody else.

As your child grows and develops, some treatments might become less effective, while others become more important. You should discuss these changes with your doctor to assure the treatment plan stays current.

Gathering reports from the treatment team and completing the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) prior to meeting with your doctor will help identify issues to address and referrals that may be needed. The ATEC is a helpful tool designed to measure changes of symptoms and behaviors over time. Note: Casual observations of your child’s development are typically not an accurate way to monitor progress. The ATEC provides a free, convenient tool that can be used to track changes over time. The checklist can also be useful to help determine whether a therapy is beneficial. To track a specific approach, complete the ATEC before (baseline) and after implementing a treatment and track changes over time.

For more than 50 years, the Autism Research Institute has provided support and guidance to parents and professionals worldwide, and we will continue to do so wherever the journey takes all of us.

Publicado en AUTISMO, INVESTIGACION | 44 comentarios

A social-competence group intervention

A social-competence group intervention featuring didactic teaching and practice in play contexts for preschool children with autism spectrum disorders

Relatively few intervention programs of social competence have been specifically designed for preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the effectiveness of the social-competence group intervention (SCGI), which features a combination of didactic teaching and practice in play contexts for preschool children with ASD.

Social competence is defined as the ability to interact with others effectively (Rose-Krasnor, 1997). It is multidimensional and consists of three key dimensions: social skill elements, social reciprocity, and social adjustment (Ashton, 2018, Huber et al., 2019, Liu, 2021). The first dimension, social skill elements, encompasses a series of essential skills to accomplish a social task. The second, social reciprocity, is the ability to maintain interpersonal interactions, and social adjustment is the ability to adjust one’s behaviors in different social contexts for sustaining the quality of the social interaction. Each of these three dimensions represents different aspects of social competence. Given its multifaceted nature, it is crucial to understand how social competence manifests in children who have difficulties in it.

Children with ASD usually show difficulties in social competence (Dakopolos & Jahromi, 2019, Matson & Wilkins, 2007). They often have deviant or delayed development of social skill elements in verbal and non-verbal social behaviors, such as eye contact, gestures, and facial and verbal expression (Claudia and Lucia, 2022, Rahman et al., 2020). Their lack of these elements of essential social skills causes them difficulty in interpreting others’ social cues and expressing their thoughts and feelings. Moreover, they may frequently have poor social reciprocity and thus difficulties in maintaining back-and-forth interactions with others (Rahman et al., 2020). As for their social adjustment, even if they are able to maintain reciprocity during social interaction, they may also encounter difficulties in socially adjusting their behaviors to the needs of others, such as sharing, helping, and showing empathy in the social contexts of real-life settings (Chen & Lai, 2021, Dunfield, Best, Kelley, & Kuhlmeier, 2019). Improving social competence in these dimensions is important for helping children with ASD to build healthy social lives.

To date, few social competence-specific intervention programs have been designed for children with ASD at the preschool age (Kaat & Lecavalier, 2014). Notable examples of these programs include TIP (Teaching Interaction Procedure; Leaf et al., 2012), JASPER (Joint Attention Symbolic Play Engagement and Regulation; Goods, Ishijima, Chang, & Kasari, 2013), and P4P (PEERS® for Preschoolers; Antezana et al., 2022). TIP addresses prompting targeted social skills through the components of label/identify skills, provide rationales, reiterate skill steps, demonstrate the skill, and receive verbal feedback. JASPER is aimed to facilitate joint engagement and targets communication skills within play routines. P4P includes group sessions focusing on developmentally appropriate social skills through play activities and parallel caregiver engagement for social coaching. The positive effectiveness of these programs highlights the benefits of social competence-specific interventions at the critical preschool age in children with ASD.

Specific characteristics can be drawn from these effective social competence-specific intervention programs for preschool children with ASD. First, didactic teaching has been used to directly teach social skills to the children (Odom et al., 2021). In didactic teaching, various teaching methods and positive reinforcement strategies are utilized to provide structured and tailored social skills instruction to preschoolers with ASD for fostering children’s development of target social behaviors (Haring & Lovinger, 1989, Kassardjian et al., 2014, Kirby & Toler, 1970, Leaf et al., 2012). Second, play contexts have been adopted to offer a natural and engaging setting for children to practice social skills in situations analogous to real-life social events, such as conflicts that may arise during play (Schreibman et al., 2015). When practicing in play contexts, children not only have higher motivation to spontaneously interact with their social partners but also better transfer what they have learned to everyday social events. Third, caregiver involvement is effective to facilitate the social competence of preschool children with ASD. Caregivers are involved in discussing children’s social competence, setting collaborative goals, assigning homework, etc. This involvement extends the intervention effects beyond intervention sessions to the home environment. Therefore, didactic teaching, naturalistic play contexts and caregiver involvement are suggested while developing intervention programs for preschool children with ASD to enhance their social competence. Furthermore, an increasing number of studies have incorporated caregivers’ parental stress as an outcome measure in interventions programs for children with ASD (Curley et al., 2023; Osborne et al., 2008; Shine & Perry, 2010). Measurement of parental stress can assist therapists in identifying whether it poses a potential barrier in social competence interventions for children with ASD, as higher levels of parental stress have been linked to decreased intervention effectiveness (Curley et al., 2023, Keen et al., 2010, Strauss et al., 2012). Given the above, caregivers’ parental stress should be taken into consideration when caregivers participate in intervention programs targeting children with ASD.

Therefore, we designed a social-competence group intervention (SCGI) to promote social competence in preschool children with ASD. The SCGI applied didactic teaching by including a set sequence of lessons targeting social competences and employed practicing in play contexts to create naturalistic contexts to promote the generalizability of the social competence learned in the didactic teaching. Strategies of positive reinforcement, caregiver involvement, and homework were also applied in the SCGI to encourage preschool children with ASD to utilize the learned social competence. This study investigated the effectiveness of the SCGI using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. We hypothesized that the SCGI would effectively promote social competence in preschool children with ASD.

Publicado en AUTISMO, INVESTIGACION | 40 comentarios

BAREMO de Evaluación de la Deficiencia Global de la Persona (BDGP).

Publicado en AUTISMO, DEFINICIONES, DIVULGACIÓN | 5.464 comentarios

CLASES DE DISCAPACIDAD

EL RD 888/2022 HA MODIFICADO LA DISCAPACIDAD SU PROCESO Y BAREMOS

Publicado en DEFINICIONES | 37 comentarios

AUTISMO Y VIOLENCIA

La gran mentira del autismo y la violencia: la mayoría de niños con TEA son víctimas, no agresores

Los profesionales desmienten que el síndrome de Asperger que se atribuye al agresor del IES Elena García Armada le hiciera violento.

La agresión en el IES Elena García Armada de Jerez de la Frontera ha conmocionado a España. Saúl, de 14 años, ha herido a cinco personas, dos compañeros y tres profesores, con cuchillos traídos de casa.

El adolescente, con síndrome de Asperger, no era conocido por ser conflictivo pero sí por pasar los recreos en soledad. Eso le hacía un blanco fácil: el día anterior le habían arrojado agua entre varios chicos para burlarse de él.

Es tristemente común que un niño con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) sufra acoso, confirman tanto los especialistas como la literatura científica. La respuesta violenta, sin embargo, es la excepción, no la norma.

«No hay ninguna relación directa entre los comportamientos violentos y el TEA», explica Jesús García Lorente, director general de la Confederación Autismo España.

El trastorno implica «desregulaciones» en el individuo a causa del estrés que les provoca la dificultad de manejarse en el entorno social, pero eso no les predispone a responder con conductas agresivas.

Al contrario: el 60% de los niños con autismo escolarizados pasan solos el recreo como Saúl, una tendencia a la marginación que se prolonga en la edad adulta en una tasa del 90% de paro. Y carecer de mecanismos interpersonales para manejarlo aumenta su victimización.16

«Los índices de acoso escolar son tristemente insoportables», lamenta García Lorente. «Hablamos de más del 50% de los que tienen discapacidad intelectual asociada».

El Asperger, el rango de autismo que no limita la capacidad cognitiva, también plantea una «discriminación desapercibida» debido al infradiagnóstico: hay 60.000 personas con TEA reconocidas en el sistema escolar en España, pero «por cifras de prevalencia, extrapolando uno cada 100 nacimientos, tendríamos en torno a 85.000 casos en edad escolar«. Y las «rarezas» o «manías» que convierten al niño en objeto de burla y desprecio serían en realidad problemas funcionales.

Publicado en AUTISMO, NOTICIAS | 30 comentarios

Dos menores agreden aun compañero con autismo

Dos menores agreden a un compañero con autismo, en los baños del instituto de Blimea

Otros alumnos fueron quienes dieron la voz de alarma al conocer lo sucedido ya que la víctima no dijo nada.

Un niño de Sotrondio de doce años y que padece un trastorno del espectro autista se enfrentaba hace unos meses al gran reto de comenzar una nueva etapa educativa.

Pasó de estar ‘protegido’ por sus compañeros de Primaria y contar con la ayuda del auxiliar que le ayudaba a entender el día a día a lidiar con otros compañeros nuevos en el instituto de enseñanza secundaria de Blimea. Día a día se enfrenta a nuevas situaciones que en muchas ocasiones no comprende.

Un cambio significativo que está teniendo que capear sin la ayuda de un auxiliar, como ocurría en su anterior etapa. A pesar de que su familia lo ha solicitado en repetidas ocasiones; y continúa insistiendo en ello.

En este nuevo camino este pequeño se encontró a finales del mes de noviembre con dos compañeros de 15 y 16 años que cuando subía a clase de un recreo le abordaron en los baños del centro educativo. Allí se produjo un ataque que puede ser considerada como una agresión sexual ya que le tocaron sus partes íntimas, al introducirle un chicle que estaban masticando por vía anal.

Las investigaciones del caso, a la espera de juicio, apuntan a un joven de 16 años, como el autor material de la agresión.

El agredido no llegó a entender lo que había ocurrido y lo asumió como una broma al ver cómo esos alumnos, que le conocen de toda una vida, no paraban de reírse.

Por eso, en un primer momento no contó nada sobre lo ocurrido en el baño, probablemente porque no había entendido lo que había ocurrido, ya que su percepción eran las carcajadas. Fueron otros compañeros los que una vez conocido lo que había ocurrido en el baño, contado presuntamente por los dos protagonistas de la agresión, se decidieron a ponerlo en conocimiento de los profesores del centro, muchos de ellos atónitos ante lo que había pasado con un alumno que no se mete con nadie.

Los hechos han sido puestos en conocimiento tanto del propio centro como de la Consejería de Educación y de las autoridades judiciales; según ha podido conocer EL COMERCIO se está a la espera de juicio.

La familia del menor agredido reclama respeto y una total inclusión para su hijo, por lo que cree necesario que los participantes en la agresión sean conscientes de lo que han hecho, máxime cuando son conocedores de los problemas de su compañero para afrontar el día a día en un entorno que por el poco tiempo que llevaba en el mismo, aún le era extraño.

Publicado en AUTISMO, NOTICIAS | 24 comentarios