¿Qué causa el autismo?
Los científicos no conocen las causas exactas del trastorno del espectro autista (ASD).
El autismo se describió por primera vez en la década de 1940, pero se sabía muy poco del mismo hasta las últimas décadas. Incluso hoy en día, hay mucho que no sabemos sobre el autismo.
Dado que este trastorno es tan complejo y que no hay dos personas con autismo exactamente iguales, es probable que haya muchas causas del autismo. También es probable que no haya una única causa de autismo sino que más bien se deba a una combinación de causas.
Los científicos están estudiando algunos de los siguientes elementos como posibles causas o factores que contribuyen al ASD.
Genes y ASD
Interacciones entre los genes y el entorno
Otras causas biológicas
Citas
- Landrigan, P. J. (2010). What causes autism? Exploring the environmental contribution. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 22(2):219–225.
- Hallmayer, J., Cleveland, S., Torres, A., Phillips, J., Cohen, B., Torigoe, T., et al. (2011). Genetic heritability and shared environmental factors among twin pairs with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(11), 1095–1102.
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2014). Common gene variants account for most genetic risk for autism. Retrieved March 2, 2018, from https://www.nichd.nih.gov/newsroom/releases/072114-gene-variants-autism
- Pinto, D., Pagnamenta, A.T., Klei, L., Anney, R., Merico, D., Regan, R., et al. (2010). Functional impact of global rare copy number variation in autism spectrum disorders. Nature, 466, 368-372. Retrieved February 23, 2018, from https://www.nature.com/articles/nature09146
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